Review Sheet 38 Anatomy of the Digestive System
R Due east Five I E W Name ____________________________________ LAB TIME/Appointment _______________________ Southward H E Due east T EXERCISE 38 Anatomy of the Digestive Arrangement General Histological Plan of the Gastrointestinal tract 1. The general anatomical features of the comestible canal are listed below. Fill in the table to consummate the information. Subdivisions of the layer (if applicable) Wall layer mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa or adventitia Major functions epithelium, lamina propria, (not applicable) ecretion, assimilation protection protection, vascular supply for mucosa churning, mixing protection, anchoring round and longitudinal (non applicative) Organs of the Alimentary Canal two. The tubelike digestive arrangement canal that extends from the rima oris to the anus is known every bit the canal or the digestive tract. it has an innermost layer that runs obliquely alimentary 3. How is the muscularis externa of the tummy modified? ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ How does this modification relate to the office of the stomach? lets the stomach ix, churn and motion food along trac while breaking information technology downward and mixing it in gastric juices ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ squamous cells in the esophagus to columna 4. What transition in epithelial type exists at the gastroesophageal junction? in the gastric mucosa ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ uncomplicated columnar absorb. How practice the epithelia of these 2 organs relate to their specific functions? Stratified squamous protect ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ five. Differentiate between the colon and the large intestine. large intestine extend from the ileocecal valve to the anus, bu the colon is divided into the ascending, descending, sigmoid colon ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ 259 6. Match the items in cavalcade B with the descriptive statements in column A. Column A l y o c n west h d b south h p i 5 e j x b v k t r u f z y a g , t one. 2. 3. 4. , 5 six. 7. structure that suspends the minor intestine from the posterior trunk wall fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increment the surface surface area for absorption large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially effectually the ircumference of the small intestine five. regions that break down foodstuffs mechanically mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing conduit for both air and food y , eight. three structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritoneum the "gullet"; no digestive/absorbent function Column B a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. one thousand. l. anus appendix circular folds esophagus frenulum greater omentum hard palate haustra ileocecal valve large intestine lesser omentum mesentery ix. 10. olds of the gastric mucosa 11. 12. thirteen. sacculations of the large intestine projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithelial cell valve at the junction of the modest and large intestines one thousand. microvilli n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. 5. oral cavity parietal peritoneum Peyer's patches pharynx pyloric valve rugae small intestine soft palate stomach 14. principal region of food and h2o absorption 15. membrane securing the natural language to the floor of the rima oris sixteen. absorbs water and forms carrion 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. rea betwixt the teeth and lips/cheeks wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum initiates poly peptide digestion structure attached to the bottom curvature of the stomach organ distal to the stomach valve controlling food motion from the tum into the duodenum posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter through which pancreatic secretions and bile pass serous lining of the intestinal crenel wall master site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganisms region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the torso bone-supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity . natural language x. y. z. vestibule villi visceral peritoneum 260 Review Sheet 38 7. Correctly identify all organs depicted in the diagram oral crenel paratoid gland mouth sublingual gland throat submanibulargland esphogus gall bladder liver hepatic portal region cystic duct bile duct hepatic pancreatic sphincter accessory pancreatic duct hepatic flexure jejunum ascending colon ileum rectum illiocecal vavle anal canal cecum appendix anus transverse colon decsending colon sigmond colon pancreas cardiac sphincter pyllitic sphincter Review Canvass 38 261 8. You have studied the histological structure of a number of organs in this laboratory.
Three of these are diagrammed beneath. Place and correctly label each. (a) ____________________(b) ________________________(c) ____________________ Accompaniment Digestive Organs ix. Correctly characterization all structures provided with leader lines in the diagram of a tooth beneath. (Note: Some of the terms in the fundamental for question ten may be helpful in this task. ) enamel dentin crown pulp cavity gum Cervix periodontal ligament Bone root cementum rooteneal Blood vessels and fretfulness in pulp 262 Review Canvas 38 10. Employ the key to identify each molar area described beneath. c b eastward f j p g j a one. isible portion of the tooth in situ 2. cloth covering the tooth root 3. hardest substance in the body 4. attaches the tooth to os and surrounding alveolar structures five. portion of the molar embedded in os half dozen. forms the major portion of tooth structure; similar to bone 7. produces the dentin 8. site of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics 9. entire portion of the tooth covered with enamel ; the number of permanent teeth is Central: a. b. c. d. eastward. f. g. h. i. j. 32 anatomical crown cementum clinical crown dentin enamel gingiva odontoblast periodontal ligament pulp root . twenty 11.
In the human, the number of deciduous teeth is 2,i,ii,three 12. The dental formula for permanent teeth is 2 ii,1,2,three Explain what this means. 2 incisors, 1 canine, ii premolars and 3 molars on upper teeth. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and three molars on upper teeth. multiple by two 2,1,0,2 What is the dental formula for the deciduous teeth? 2,1,0,2 13. What teeth are the "wisdom teeth"? the tertiary ready of molars two 20 14. Various types of glands form a part of the alimentary tube wall or duct their secretions into it. Friction match the glands listed in column B with the function/locations described in column A. Column A a f 1. 2. . 4. produce(south) mucus; found in the submucosa of the pocket-size intestine produce(southward) a product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the oral fissure produce(s) a whole spectrum of enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum produce(southward) bile that it secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct Column B a. b. c. d. e. f. duodenal glands gastric glands intestinal crypts liver pancreas salivary glands e d b c 5. produce(s) HCl and pepsinogen 6. found in the mucosa of the minor intestine; produce(s) intestinal juice 15. Which of the salivary glands produces a secretion that is mainly serous? ublingual salviary gland Review Canvas 38 263 xvi. What is the function of the gallbladder? store bile bile duct , 17. Proper name 3 structures always found in the portal triad regions of the liver. portal venule and poral arteriole 18. Where would you lot expect to detect the Kupffer cells of the liver? What is their function? within sinusoid walls they line the sinus' and remove bacteria plasma protiens 19. Why is the liver and then dark red in the living animal? 20. The pancreas has ii major populations of secretory cells—those in the islets and the acinar cells. Which population serves the digestive process? acinar cells 264 Review Sheet 38
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